Perhaps its useful at this point to delve just a bit into the mechanism LaTeX uses to determine where a float goes.
There are several integer-valued registers (called counters in TeX jargon) that limit the number of floats on a page: the number at the top, the number at the bottom, and the total. In addition, there are limits on the fraction of a page that can be occupied by floats — again, at the top and bottom separately, as well as the page as a whole.
If there are too many floats to fit on a page, LaTeX pushes them on to the next page, and the next; eventually, floats may end up at the end of the document. If the [p] option has been provided to individual figures and tables, they may be pushed together onto a “float page” that has no text. But even here, the defaults are stingy about the amount of space taken up.
The result is often that some individual float is too big to go anywhere, and so migrates to the end of the document. Unfortunately, the rule that says all figures must appear in sequential order (and a similar rule for tables) means that the single offender sweeps away everything that should follow it.
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To override the values that cause the offensive behavior, you use the \setcounter{} command to reset integer values, and \renewcommand{} to reset floating-point values. Like this:
% Alter some LaTeX defaults for better treatment of figures:
% See p.105 of "TeX Unbound" for suggested values.
% See pp. 199-200 of Lamport's "LaTeX" book for details.
% General parameters, for ALL pages:
\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.9} % max fraction of floats at top
\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.8} % max fraction of floats at bottom
% Parameters for TEXT pages (not float pages):
\setcounter{topnumber}{2}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{4} % 2 may work better
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2} % for 2-column pages
\renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{0.9} % fit big float above 2-col. text
\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.07} % allow minimal text w. figs
% Parameters for FLOAT pages (not text pages):
\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.7} % require fuller float pages
% N.B.: floatpagefraction MUST be less than topfraction !!
\renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{0.7} % require fuller float pages
% remember to use [htp] or [htpb] for placementThese values can be reset in the preamble of your LaTeX source file; any place before the \begin{document} will do.
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If you find that liberal values of the float parameters still are causing trouble, you can try forcing a float page with \clearpage to disgorge the accumulated blockage. If you don't want to force a pagebreak, use the afterpage package and tell LaTex \afterpage{clearpage}, which should force a float page when the current page comes to an end. If floats continue to pile up at the end, you probably have one too big to fit on a page; try reducing its size.
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